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Showing posts with label FRAP. Show all posts
Showing posts with label FRAP. Show all posts

The Healthiest Vegetables

Photo: Beets Bundle by wiki/Evan Amos

The most antioxidant vegetables:

Vegetables Cellular Antioxidant Activity (CAA) 2010 Table
Rank Product Antioxidant content
Notes:
  • Antioxidant content in (CAA) umol quercetin equivalents per 100g.
  • Source [1]
1Beet-
2Red Pepper-
3Eggplant-
4Brussels Sprout-
5Broccoli-
6Cabbage-
7Mushroom-
8Asparagus-
9Green Pepper-
10Cauliflower-
11Spinach-
12Carrot-
13Chile Pepper-
14Sweet Potato-
15Radish-
16Yellow Onion-
17Lettuce-
18Potato-
19Sweet Corn-
20White Onion-
21Squash-
22Celery-
23Romaine Lettuce-
24Green Pea-
25Green bean-
26Cucumber-


Vegetables 2010 Table
Rank Product Antioxidant content
Notes:
  • Antioxidant content in FRAP mmol/100g.
  • Source [2]
1Leaves from the AfricanBaobab tree, dry, crushed48.07
2Moringa Stenopetala, dried leaves and stem11.90
3Artichoke, canned4.76
4Artichoke, microwaved4.69
5Artichoke, water pack4.32
6Okra / gumbo, dry, fluor4.24
7Artichoke, boiled4.22
8Curly kale, red4.09
9Mushroom, Sheep polypore3.85
10Moringa Stenopetala, fresh green leaves and stem3.70
11Tomatos, sundried, in canola oil3.59
12Cauliflower, blue, cooked3.52
13Artichoke, brine pack3.36
14Cauliflower, blue3.33
15Curly kale, Bornick2.65
16Curly kale2.15
17Cabbage, red, cooked2.15
18Cabbage, red, Autoro2.09
19Pepper, bell‐, orange1.94
20Pepper, bell‐, red1.81
21Pepper, bell‐, yellow1.79
22Artichoke, leaves1.66
23Pepper, red, cooked1.64
24Beet (beetroot)1.55
25Cabbage, red1.40
26Spinach, frozen, microwave cooked1.33
27Tomatoes, sundried, in oil1.32
28Tomatoes, sundried1.30
29Spinach, frozen1.24
30Pepper, green, cooked1.22
31Spinach, chopped, frozen, microvawe cooked1.16
32Brussels sprouts1.11
33Spinach, frozen, boiled1.11
34Spinach, chopped, frozen, boiled1.06
35Cabbage, red, from packagedClassic Iceberg salad, chopped1.05
36Leaves of the Pumpkin plant1.02
37Pepper, bell‐, green1.00
38Spinach, chopped, frozen0.99
39Broccoli raab, cooked0.97
40Broccoli, cooked0.96
41Potato, blue, Congo0.93
42Pepper, red0.91
43Edible mushroom (Agaricus bisporus/champignon)0.90
44Spinach0.89
45Cauliflower, boiled0.80
46Mushroom, Matriske(Russulaceae)0.80
47Sweet potatoe, baked0.79
48Tomatoes, with sweet basil, crushed, without skin, canned0.77
49Asparagus, cooked0.75
50Brussels sprout, Content0.74
51Onion, red0.71
52Artichoke0.69
53Mushroom, Funnel chantarelle, wild0.68
54Onion, red, Red Baron0.67
55Broccoli raab0.65
56Sugar peas0.64
57Rhubarb0.62
58Mushroom, Edible bolete0.61
59Tomatoes, with garlic, extra rich, crushed, without skin, canned0.61
60Asparagus0.61
61Lettuce, Lollo rosso0.60
62Horse radish0.59
63Tomatoes, with chili, extra rich, crushed, without skin, canned0.56
64Sweet potato, blue (Yam), peeled0.54
65Broccoli0.52
66Tomato juice0.51
67Mushroom (Pholiota mutabilis)0.50
68Potatoes, Russet, cooked0.50
69Tomatoes, canned, chopped, heated0.49
70Leaves of the Sweet Potato plant0.48
71Tomatoes, chopped, canned, heated0.48
72Chinese cabbage0.45
73Cabbage, cooked0.45
74Potatoes, red, cooked0.45
75Tomatoes, cherry‐0.45
76Onion, yellow0.44
77Tomato juice, ecological0.44
78Tomato juice, Sun‐C0.44
79Leek0.44
80Celery0.44
81Mushroom, white, microwave cooked0.43
82Potatoes, white, cooked0.43
83Swede (rutabaga)0.43
84Avocado0.43
85Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)0.42
86Potatoes, Russet0.42
87Savoy cabbage0.42
88Savoy cabbage, Taler0.40
89Vegetable juice0.39
90Mushroom, white0.38
91Tomatoes, chopped, canned0.37
92Swede (rutabaga), Vige0.37
93Tomatoes, crushed, passed, canned0.37
94Tomatoes, cluster tomatoes, small0.36
95Hash browns0.35
96Asparagus bean, frozen0.34
97French fried potatoes, frozen, shoestring , cooked0.34
98Mushroom, Portabella, grilled0.34
99Onion, boiled0.34
100Cauliflower0.34
101Mushroom, Shiitake, stir‐fried0.33
102Sweet potatoe, boiled0.33
103Tomatoes, chopped0.33
104French fries0.33
105French fried potatoes, frozen, shoestring0.32
106Tomatoes, coarsely chopped, canned0.32
107French fried potatoes, frozen, shoestring, cooked0.31
108Radishes0.30
109Mushroom, Chanterelle, wild0.30
110Tomatoes, whole, canned0.30
111Mushroom, Enoki0.30
112Mixed vegetables0.30
113Tomatoes, plum‐0.30
114Turnip0.29
115Carrot drink0.28
116Cucumber pickles0.28
117French fried potatoes, frozen, tater tots0.28
118Tomatoes, organic peeled tomatoes, canned0.28
119Onion0.28
120French fried potatoes, frozen, cooked, steak fries0.27
121Mushroom, Hedgehog fungus0.27
122French fried potatoes, frozen, crinkle cut0.27
123French fried potatoes, steak fries0.26
124Onion, yellow, cooked0.26
125Pepper, green0.26
126Cantaloupe0.25
127Mushroom, Crimini0.25
128Tomato juice, Premium0.25
129Tomatoes in tomato juice, canned, whole0.24
130Asparagus bean, frozen, cooked0.24
131Hash brown rounds0.24
132Lettuce, Green leaves0.24
133French fried potatoes, frozen, crinkle cut, cooked0.24
134Edible mushroom (Agaricus bisporus/champignon), canned0.23
135French fried potatoes, frozen, steak fries0.23
136Lettuce, Red leaves0.23
137Mushroom, white, stir‐fried0.23
138Tomatoes, cluster tomatoes0.23
139Tomatoes0.23
140Cauliflower, Alverda0.22
141French fried potatoes, frozen, tater tots, cooked0.22
142Mushroom, Portabella0.22
143Potatoes, red0.22
144Tomatoes, cooked0.22
145Tomatoes, with roasted garlic, canned0.22
146Yam0.22
147French fried potatoes, frozen, steak fries, cooked0.21
148Lettuce, Romaine0.21
149Sweet potatoe, pale0.20
150French toast sticks0.19
151Potatoes, white0.19
152Onion, small0.18
153Tomatoes, steak‐0.18
154Garlic0.18
155Aubergine, native, red0.17
156Cassava0.17
157Mushroom, Maitake0.17
158Aubergine0.17
159Beans with tomato sauce, canned0.16
160French frites, light0.16
161Sweet potatoe0.16
162Sweet potatoe, red/white0.16
163Carrots, red, in syrup0.15
164Pickle, just the solution from cucumber pickles0.15
165Sweet onions0.15
166Alfa sprouts0.14
167Cauliflower, Freemont0.13
168French fried potatoes, frozen, tater tots, seasoned shredded potatoes, cooked0.13
169Lettuce, Butterhead0.13
170Potatoes0.13
171Onion, white0.12
172Sweet potatoe, yellow0.12
173Onion flakes0.11
174Cabbage, Lady0.10
175Carrots, cooked0.10
176Celeriac, turnip‐rooted celery0.10
177French fried potatoes, frozen, tater tots, seasoned shredded potatoes0.10
178Lettuce, Endevie0.10
179Lettuce, Iceberg0.10
180Parsnip0.10
181Summer squash, green0.10
182Cabbage0.09
183Cucumber, small, russian0.09
184Carrots, frozen, microwaved0.09
185Carrots, cut, frozen, microwaved0.08
186Cucumber pickles, whole0.08
187Potatoes, Roseval0.08
188Carrots, frozen, boiled0.08
189Aubergine, native, white0.07
190Carrots, cut, frozen, boiled0.07
191Carrots, frozen0.07
192Fennel0.07
193Lettuce, Crispheaded0.07
194Pickle, just the solution from cucumber pickles (whole)0.07
195Syrup from red carrot0.07
196Carrot juice0.06
197Carrots, Yukon0.06
198Mushroom, Oyster0.06
199Potatoes, Beate0.06
200Summer squash, yellow0.06
201Carrots, cut, frozen0.06
202Carrots0.05
203Carrots, Nantes Duke0.05
204Pumpkin0.05
205Baby carrots0.04
206Cucumber (Cucumis sativus)0.04
207Courgettes0.03
208Cucumber0.03
209Carrots, from packaged Classic Iceberg salad, chopped0.02
210Cucumber, without peel0.02
211Pumpkins0.02
212Lettuce, Iceberg, from packaged Classic Iceberg salad, chopped0.01
213Celery, blanched0.00

Source:

[1] Cellular Antioxidant Activity of Common Vegetables. Wei Song, Christopher M. Derito, M. Keshu Liu, Xiangjiu He, Mei Dong and Rui Hai Liu. J. Agric. Food Chem., 2010, 58 (11), pp 6621–6629

[2] The total antioxidant content of more than 3100 foods, beverages, spices, herbs and supplements used worldwide. Carlsen MH, Halvorsen BL, Holte K, Bøhn SK, Dragland S, Sampson L, Willey C, Senoo H, Umezono Y, Sanada C, Barikmo I, Berhe N, Willett WC, Phillips KM, Jacobs DR Jr, Blomhoff R. Nutr J. 2010 Jan 22; 9:3.

Carrots vs. Baby Carrots,Choosing the most antioxidant-packed carrots, onions, and lettuce. October 16, 2010. Dr Michael Greger. Nutrition Facts

The Healthiest Mushroom

Photo: Fresh button mushroom by flickr/flowercarole
*A study suggested that daily intake of the common white button mushroom may have a significant chemo-preventive effect with regard to breast carcinogenesis. white button mushrooms are relatively inexpensive and readily available in markets across the United States, and therefore are a feasible addition to any dietary plan.[2][3][4]

Vegetables, mushroom 2010 Table
Rank Product Antioxidant content
Notes:
  • Antioxidant content in FRAP mmol/100 g.
  • Source [1]
1Mushroom, Sheep polypore3.85
2Edible mushroom (Agaricus bisporus/ champignon)0.90
3Mushroom, Matriske(Russulaceae)0.80
4Mushroom, Funnel chantarelle, wild0.68
5Mushroom, Edible bolete0.61
6Mushroom (Pholiota mutabilis)0.50
7Mushroom, white, microwave cooked0.43
8Mushroom, white0.38
9Mushroom, Portabella, grilled0.34
10Mushroom, Shiitake, stir‐fried0.33
11Mushroom, Chanterelle, wild0.30
12Mushroom, Enoki0.29
13Mushroom, Hedgehog fungus0.27
14Mushroom, Crimini0.25
15Edible mushroom (Agaricus bisporus/champignon), canned0.23
16Mushroom, white, stir‐fried0.23
17Mushroom, Portabella0.22
18Mushroom, Maitake0.17
19Mushroom, Oyster0.06

Source:

[1] The total antioxidant content of more than 3100 foods, beverages, spices, herbs and supplements used worldwide. Carlsen MH, Halvorsen BL, Holte K, Bøhn SK, Dragland S, Sampson L, Willey C, Senoo H, Umezono Y, Sanada C, Barikmo I, Berhe N, Willett WC, Phillips KM, Jacobs DR Jr, Blomhoff R. Nutr J. 2010 Jan 22; 9:3.

[2] White button mushroom phytochemicals inhibit aromatase activity and breast cancer cell proliferation. Grube BJ, Eng ET, Kao YC, Kwon A, Chen S.  J Nutr. 2001 Dec;131(12):3288-93.

[3] Phytochemicals for breast cancer prevention by targeting aromatase. Adams LS, Chen S.  Front Biosci. 2009 Jan 1;14:3846-63.

[4] Anti-aromatase activity of phytochemicals in white button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus). Chen S, Oh SR, Phung S, Hur G, Ye JJ, Kwok SL, Shrode GE, Belury M, Adams LS, Williams D.  Cancer Res. 2006 Dec 15;66(24):12026-34.

Grocery List

Photo: Organic basket by flickr-uncleweed

Highest Antioxidant Grocery Table
Rank Category Antioxidant content
Notes:
Antioxidant content in FRAP mmol/100 g.
Source: The Antioxidant Food Table
1Herbal / traditional plant medicine0.28 - 2897.11
2Beverage0.00 - 1,347.83
The healthiest tea
3Herbs and spices0.08 - 465.32
4Berries and berry products0.06 - 261.53
5Fruit and fruit juices0.02 - 55.52
Anti-cancer Fruits
The healthiest apples
Why fruit juice fail?
6Vegetables0.00 - 48.07
Anti-cancer Vegetables
Carrot vs baby carrot
The healthiest lettuce
The healthiest mushroom0.06 - 3.85
The healthiest onion
7Nuts and seeds0.03 - 33.29
Nuts
Seeds
8Grains and grain products0.01 - 3.31

The healthiest rice
9Pulses (legumes)0.01 - 1.97
The healthiest soy food
The healthiest bean
The healthiest lentil


Home baking

The healthiest sugar
The healthiest chocolate fix
The healthiest raisin

Baking powder / Soda
Bread crumbs
Cake icing / Decorations
Cake / Brownie mix
FlourStevia
Sugar substitute
Vegetable shortening
Yeast
...

Easy Cooking 

The healthiest cooking method
...

The Antioxidant Food Table

Photo: Romanesco Broccoli by flickr-aurélien

Nutrition Journal 2010

The research on the total antioxidant content of more than 3100 foods, beverages, spices, herbs and supplements used worldwide showed that plant-based foods introduce significantly more antioxidants into human diet than non-plant foods.

PLANT BASED FOODS
Rank Product category Antioxidant content
Notes:
Antioxidant content in mmol per 100 g.
All values are ranges(0.00 - 2897.11).
1 Herbal / traditional plant medicine 0.28 - 2897.11
2Beverages 0.00 - 1347.83
3 Spices and herbs 0.08 - 465.32
4 Berries and berry products 0.06 - 261.53
5 Fruit and fruit juices 0.03 - 55.52
6 Vegetables 0.00 - 48.07
7 Nuts and seeds 0.03 - 33.29
8 Breakfast cereals 0.16 - 4.84
9 Grains and grain products 0.00 - 3.31
10 Legumes 0.00 - 1.97

Vitamins and dietary supplements (0.00 - 1052.44)

MIXED FOODS
Rank Product category Antioxidant content
Notes:
Antioxidant content in mmol per 100 g.
All values are ranges (0.00 - 18.52).
1Infant foods and beverages 0.02 - 18.52
2Miscellanous ingredients 0.00 - 15.54
3Chocolate and sweets 0.05 - 14.98
4Soups, sauces, dressings and salsa 0.00 - 4.67
5Desserts and cakes 0.00 - 4.10
6Fats and oils 0.19 - 1.66
7Snacks 0.00 - 1.17
8Mixed food entrees 0.03 - 0.73

ANIMAL BASED FOODS
Rank Product category Antioxidant content
Notes:
Antioxidant content in mmol per 100 g.
All values are ranges (0.00 - 1.00).
1Poultry and poultry products 0.05 - 1.00
2Meat and meat products 0.00 - 0.85
3Dairy and dairy products 0.00 - 0.78
4Fish and seafood 0.03 - 0.65
5Egg 0.00 - 0.16

Source:

Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) of Selected Foods, Release 2 (2010). U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)

The total antioxidant content of more than 3100 foods, beverages, spices, herbs and supplements used worldwide. Carlsen MH, Halvorsen BL, Holte K, Bøhn SK, Dragland S, Sampson L, Willey C, Senoo H, Umezono Y, Sanada C, Barikmo I, Berhe N, Willett WC, Phillips KM, Jacobs DR Jr, Blomhoff R. Nutr J. 2010 Jan 22; 9:3.

Beverage products

Excerpt of the analyses of beverages in the Antioxidant Food Table:

Beverage Antioxidant Table
Rank Product Antioxidant content
Notes:
Antioxidant content in mmol per 100 g.
1Espresso, prepared 14.2
2Coffee, prepared filter and boiled 2.5
3Red wine 2.5
4Pomegranate juice 2.1
5Green tea, prepared 1.5
6Grape juice 1.2
7Black tea, prepared 1.0
8Prune juice 1.0
9Cranberry juice 0.92
10Orange juice 0.64
11Tomato juice 0.48
12Cocoa with milk 0.37
13Apple juice 0.27

Source:

The total antioxidant content of more than 3100 foods, beverages, spices, herbs and supplements used worldwide. Excerpt of the analyses of beverages in the Antioxidant Food Table. (Table 2). Carlsen MH, Halvorsen BL, Holte K, Bøhn SK, Dragland S, Sampson L, Willey C, Senoo H, Umezono Y, Sanada C, Barikmo I, Berhe N, Willett WC, Phillips KM, Jacobs DR Jr, Blomhoff R. Nutr J. 2010 Jan 22; 9:3.

Best Herbs and Spices

Photo: Spices by wikipedia

Excerpt of the spices and herbs analyzed in the Antioxidant Food Table:
RankProductAntioxidant content
Note: Antioxidant content in mmol per 100 g
1Clove, dried, whole and ground 277.3
2Mint leaves, dried 116.4
3Allspice, dried ground 100.4
4Cinnamon, dried ground 77.0
5Oregano, dried ground 63.2
6Thyme, dried ground 56.3
7Rosemary, dried ground 44.8
8Saffron, dried ground 44.5
9Sage, dried ground 44.3
10Estragon, dried ground 43.8
11Bay leaves, dried 27.8
12Cinnamon sticks and whole bark 26.5
13Nutmeg, dried ground 26.4
14Ginger, dried 20.3
15Dill, dried ground 20.2
16Basil, dried 19.9
17Saffron, dried whole stigma 17.5

Source:
The total antioxidant content of more than 3100 foods, beverages, spices, herbs and supplements used worldwide.  Excerpt of the spices and herbs analyzed in the Antioxidant Food Table (Table 5). Carlsen MH, Halvorsen BL, Holte K, Bøhn SK, Dragland S, Sampson L, Willey C, Senoo H, Umezono Y, Sanada C, Barikmo I, Berhe N, Willett WC, Phillips KM, Jacobs DR Jr, Blomhoff R. Nutr J. 2010 Jan 22; 9:3.

Best Berries, Fruits and Vegetables

Photo: India Gooseberries (Amla) by flickr-prashantby

Excerpt of the berries, fruit and vegetable analyses in the Antioxidant Food Table.
Berries, Fruits and Vegetables Antioxidant Table
Rank Product Antioxidant content
Notes:
Antioxidant content in mmol per 100 g.
1Amla (Indian gooseberry), dried261.5
2Dog rose, wild, dried78.1
3Dog rose, products of dried hip69.4
4Bilberries, dried48.3
5Zereshk, red sour berries48.1
6African baobab tree, leaves dry, crushed27.3
7Dog rose, wild, fresh24.3
8Moringa Stenopetala, dried leaves, stem11.9
9Fruit from the African baobab tree10.8
10Okra/gumbo from Mali, dry, flour4.2
11Apples, dried3.8
12Moringa Stenopetala, fresh leaves, stem3.7
13Artichoke3.5
14Blueberry jam3.5
15Plums, dried3.2
16Apricots, dried3.1
17Curly kale2.8
18Chilli, red and green2.4
19Prunes2.4
20Strawberries2.1
21Pomegranate1.8
22Black olives1.7
23Dates, dried1.7
24Mango, dried1.7
25Oranges0.9
26Papaya0.6
27Broccoli, cooked0.5
28Apples0.4

Source:
The total antioxidant content of more than 3100 foods, beverages, spices, herbs and supplements used worldwide.Excerpt of the berries, fruit and vegetable analyses in the Antioxidant Food Table (Table 4). Carlsen MH, Halvorsen BL, Holte K, Bøhn SK, Dragland S, Sampson L, Willey C, Senoo H, Umezono Y, Sanada C, Barikmo I, Berhe N, Willett WC, Phillips KM, Jacobs DR Jr, Blomhoff R. Nutr J. 2010 Jan 22; 9:3.

Nuts, legumes and grain products

Excerpt of the analyses of nuts, legumes and grain products in the Antioxidant Food Table.

Nuts, Legumes and Grain FRAP 2010 Table
Rank Product Antioxidant content
Notes:
Antioxidant content in mmol per 100 g.
1Walnut, with pellicle21.9
2Pecans, with pellicle8.5
3Sunflower seeds6.4
4Chestnuts, with pellicle4.7
5Buckwheat, whole meal flour2.0
6Peanuts, roasted, with pellicle2.0
7Pistachios1.7
8Buckwheat, white flour1.4
9Millet 1.3
10Crisp bread, brown1.1
11Barley, pearl and flour1.0
12Whole wheat bread, toasted1.0
13Beans 0.8
14Maize, white flour0.6
15Wheat bread, toasted0.6
16Bread, with fiber/whole meal0.5


Source:
The total antioxidant content of more than 3100 foods, beverages, spices, herbs and supplements used worldwide. Excerpt of the analyses of nuts, legumes and grain products in the Antioxidant Food Table. (Table 3) Carlsen MH, Halvorsen BL, Holte K, Bøhn SK, Dragland S, Sampson L, Willey C, Senoo H, Umezono Y, Sanada C, Barikmo I, Berhe N, Willett WC, Phillips KM, Jacobs DR Jr, Blomhoff R. Nutr J. 2010 Jan 22; 9:3.

The Healthiest Fruit and Fruit Juices

Photo: Pomegranate by  flickr-rimon


Fruit and Fruit Juices  2010 Table
Rank Product Antioxidant content
Notes:
Antioxidant content in FRAP mmol/100 g.
1Pomegranate, only yellow pith55.52
2Fruit from the AfricanBaobab tree10.84
3Pomegranate, arils and carpellar membrane9.05
4Pomegranate arils, dried7.28
5Apples, dried (Tasmanian dried apples)6.07
6Pomegranate, dried5.51
7Pomegranate, whole4.08
8Sweet cherries, dried4.05
9Lemon skin, from lemon ecologically grown4.00
10Olives, black Kalamata, with stone3.25
11Plums, dried3.24
12Apricots, dried3.11
13Lime skin3.05
14Lemon skin2.74
15Apples, dried2.68
16Olives, Kalamata, with stone2.62
17Juice, pomegranate, freshly squeezed from whole pomegranate2.57
18Juice, orange, frozen concentrate, original2.51
19Lemonade syrup, Blackthorn, undiluted2.44
20Prunes2.40
21Juice, orange, frozen concentrate2.39
22Juice, orange, frozen concentrate, country style2.36
23Juice, orange, frozen concentrate, pulp free2.35
24Olives, green, with stone2.26
25Pomegranate, arils and juice2.26
26Cherries, sour, canned, water pack, drained solids2.02
27Juice, Vie Shot, apple, carrot, strawberry1.96
28Dates, dried, Chuhare1.88
29Pomegranate, arils1.85
30Figs, dried, Calimyrna1.83
31Plums, Black Diamond1.83
32Juice, grape, purple1.74
33Mango, dried1.70
34Cherries, sour, canned, water pack, drained liquid1.69
35Juice, with fruits and berries, Noras Antioksidanter med bøåbær og bringebær1.69
36Syrup from canned cherris1.68
37Cherries, sour, canned, heavy syrup, total can contents1.65
38Kiwi, Gold1.63
39Juice, grape and grape blends1.62
40Sweet cherries, dark, canned1.60
41Pomegranate, freshly squeezed juice1.59
42Pomegranate, sour, arils and juice1.59
43Prune porridge1.54
44Dates, dried1.53
45Juice, grape1.50
46Juice, orange, red1.38
47Pineapple, Gold1.36
48Grapes, blue1.33
49Figs, dried, Mission1.31
50Kiwi, yellow1.29
51Lemonade, grape (ready to drink)1.27
52Apples, green, Greenstar1.22
53Guava1.21
54Guava, wild1.18
55Juice, prune, with pulp1.10
56Plums, red1.08
57Pineapples, MDII, Extra Gold1.05
58Kiwi1.02
59Olives, green, without stone1.01
60Juice, Vie Shot, banana, pumpkin, kiwi1.00
61Pomegranate, sweet, arils and juice1.00
62Dates0.99
63Olives, green, Hojiblanca I, without stone0.99
64Juice, prune0.98
65Plums, red, canned0.97
66Orange0.95
67Juice, white grape0.94
68Plums0.92
69Raisins, big0.92
70Raisins0.90
71Oranges, navel0.89
72Pomegranate, only the white kernels0.88
73Juice, grape and grape blends, sweetened0.87
74Juice, grapefruit0.86
75Clementines0.85
76Juice, pineapple, canned or bottled, unsweetened0.84
77Grapefruit, yellow0.82
78Jam, apple0.81
79Grapes, blue, Salvi0.80
80Lemon0.79
81Syrup from canned plums0.79
82Grapes, blue, Don Mario0.78
83Juice, grape and grape blends, unsweetened0.78
84Juice, orange and strawberry0.76
85Juice, orange, from concentrate, with added vitamin C0.76
86Figs0.75
87Figs, dried0.75
88Kiwi, green0.72
89Dates, Deglet Noor0.72
90Juice, apple, calcium enriched, with added vitamin C0.72
91Juice, fruits with pomegranate0.72
92Grapefruit, red0.71
93Juice, Cranapple0.71
94Lemon, ecologically grown0.70
95Juice, orange0.69
96Currant (raisins of Korinth)0.67
97Juice, orange, with pulp0.66
98Raisins, green0.65
99Sweet cherries0.62
100Tangerines0.62
101Juice, orange, with pulp, from Florida0.60
102Lime0.59
103Sharon0.59
104Juice, orange, refrigerated, premium0.59
105Juice, orange, from concentrate0.58
106Apples, red, Pinova0.57
107Juice, orange, from Florida, with Omega‐3 from plant0.57
108Juice, orange, refrigerated0.57
109Dates, Medjool0.56
110Juice, orange, refrigerated, pure premium0.56
111Olives, black, without stone0.56
112Papaya0.56
113Juice, grapefruit, red, with pulp0.55
114Juice, apple, with added vitamin C0.54
115Juice, orange and pineapple0.53
116Apples, Granny Smith0.52
117Apricots0.52
118Juice, orange and pineapple with pulp0.51
119Juice, 4 frukter (4 fruits)0.49
120Apples, red, Red Delicious, ecological0.48
121Juice, apple, premium0.47
122Japanese plum pulp, paste0.45
123Pineapple0.44
124Passion fruit, wild, handpicked0.44
125Tangerines, Honey0.44
126Apples, red, Fuji0.40
127Apples, red, Red Delicious0.40
128Nectar, Sydhavsnektar0.40
129Grapes, red0.39
130Mango, red0.37
131Physalis (Physalis peruviana), wild0.37
132Fruit salad, traditional, in natural juice0.36
133Mango, yellow0.36
134Apples, red, Pink Lady0.35
135Cherries0.35
136Olives, black, Hojiblanca I, without stone0.35
137Juice, mango and pineapple0.34
138Nectar, orange0.34
139Juice, lemon0.33
140Apples, Composite of Red Delicious, Golden Delicious, Granny Smith, Gala, & Fuji,0.31
141Juice, pineapple0.30
142Grapes, green, Mario deCristo0.30
143Juice, orange and carrot0.29
144Melon, yellow0.29
145Mango0.28
146Grapes, green0.27
147Juice, apple0.26
148Peaches, canned with syrup0.25
149Nectar, Tropical0.25
150Grapes, green, Salvi0.24
151Apples, Gala0.23
152Banana0.23
153Pears, composite of Bartlett, Green Anjou, and Bosc0.23
154Pears, Red Anjou0.23
155Apples, Fuji0.22
156Juice, apple, with dietary fibre0.22
157Juice, Tropisk, original0.22
158Pears, Bartlett0.22
159Pears, Green Anjou0.22
160Apples, Golden Delicious0.20
161Melon, Cantaloupe0.19
162Grapes, green, without stone0.18
163Pears0.18
164Pears, Bosc0.18
165Pineapple, dried0.18
166Peaches, canned with syrup with spices0.17
167Plantain0.17
168Juice, apple, God Frokost0.16
169Melon, pattern0.15
170Apricots, canned, drained0.14
171Glacè cherries0.14
172Juice from canned apricots0.14
173Papaya, dried0.14
174Nectar, apple0.12
175Peaches0.12
176Honeydew0.12
177Melon, Cantaloupe, small0.12
178Nectarines0.12
179Ice, sorbet, mango0.11
180Squash, green (Cucurbita)0.11
181Peaches, canned in heavy syrup, drained liquid0.10
182Apples, Golden Delicious, without peel0.10
183Peaches, canned, in heavy syrup, drained liquid0.10
184Pears, Bartlett, selected halve, premium, canned0.10
185Syrup from canned pears0.10
186Watermelon0.10
187Peaches, canned in heavy syrup, drained solids0.09
188Apples, red, Red Delicious, without peel0.08
189Nectar, apple with pear0.08
190Watermelon, red, seedless0.06
191Kiwano0.05
192Watermelon, yellow, seedless0.04

Source:

The total antioxidant content of more than 3100 foods, beverages, spices, herbs and supplements used worldwide. Carlsen MH, Halvorsen BL, Holte K, Bøhn SK, Dragland S, Sampson L, Willey C, Senoo H, Umezono Y, Sanada C, Barikmo I, Berhe N, Willett WC, Phillips KM, Jacobs DR Jr, Blomhoff R. Nutr J. 2010 Jan 22; 9:3.

The Healthiest Breakfast cereals


Breakfast cereals 2010 Table
Rank Product Antioxidant content
Notes:
Antioxidant content in FRAP mmol/100 g.
1Complete4.84
2Product 194.01
3Whole Grain Total3.41
4Bran Flakes2.75
5Total2.51
6Fiber One2.17
7Multi‐Grain Chex1.97
8All‐Bran Regular1.96
9Oat, puffed1.93
10Special K1.695
11All‐Bran Plus1.68
12Wheaties1.67
13Wheat Puffs1.64
14All‐Bran1.62
15Cocoa Krispies1.56
16Weetabix1.3
17Puffed Wheat1.26
18100% Bran1.2
19Corn Chef1.18
20Wheat Chex1.17
21Oat squares1.14
22Corn and Rice, Crispix1.13
23Uncle Sam Cereal1.12
24Grear grains, Pecan Crunch1.09
25Cheerios1.06
26Old Glory1.05
27Honey Nut Cheerios1.04
28Squares1.03
29Squares, with cinnamon1.01
30Corn Flakes1.008
31Fitness0.99
32Rice Crisp0.94
33Froot Loops0.9
34Special0.9
35Raisin Bran0.893333333
36Frosted Flakes0.89
37Cocos‐frokost, chocolate flavor0.88
38Grape Nuts Flakes0.88
39Rice Krispies0.88
40Oat Circle0.84
41Corn and Rice, Crispy Hexagons0.83
42Weetos, with chockolate flavor0.8
43Crispix0.74
44Paisin Bran0.73
45Corn and Rice, CrispyDoubles0.72
46Corn Flakes, Honey Crunch0.66
47Mueslix0.64
48Corn Flakes, ecological0.62
49Crusli, Solfrokost0.59
50Just Right0.58
51Müsli, Frokost0.57
52Kix0.55
53Cap'n Crunch Peanut ButterCereal0.53
54Fitness & Fruits0.53
55Loops, Multi Grain0.53
56Low fat Granola0.53
57Crusli0.52
58Corn Squares, Toasted Corn0.5
59Corn Squares, Corn Biscuits0.46
60Energy Mix0.45
61Nabisco Shredded0.44
62Müsli Whole Grain0.41
63Rice Chex0.37
64Life0.36
65Puffed Rice0.36
66Honey Bunckes of Oats0.34
67Rice, puffed0.3
68Rice Puffs0.24
69Frosted Mine Wheets0.23
70Original shredded wheat0.23
71Shredded Wheat0.23
72100% Natural Granola, Oats, Honey, & Raisins0.16

Source:

The total antioxidant content of more than 3100 foods, beverages, spices, herbs and supplements used worldwide. Carlsen MH, Halvorsen BL, Holte K, Bøhn SK, Dragland S, Sampson L, Willey C, Senoo H, Umezono Y, Sanada C, Barikmo I, Berhe N, Willett WC, Phillips KM, Jacobs DR Jr, Blomhoff R. Nutr J. 2010 Jan 22; 9:3.

The Healthiest Herbal / traditional plant medicine

Photo: A spice market in Istanbul by wikipedia/heydrienne


Herbal / traditional plant medicine 2010 Table
Rank Product Antioxidant content
Notes:
Antioxidant content in FRAP mmol/100 g.
1Sangre de grado (Croton lechleri), liquid solution2897.11
2Triphala, powder in capsule706.25
3Amalaki (Amla), powder in capsule301.14
4Arjuna, powder in capsule146.95
5Goshuyutou, kampo, traditional Chinese medicine from Japan, powder132.58
6Cinnamomi Cortex120.18
7Scutellariae Radix111.33
8Neem Guard, powder in capsule89.23
9Tepezcohuite64.58
10Cimicifugae Rhizoma64.31
11Paeoniae Radix55.13
12Eucalipto47.30
13Cascara Sagrada47.15
14Un Compuesto, herbal condiment against insomnia40.89
15Tulasi, (Holy basil), powder in capsule39.67
16Huacharable39.18
17Zapote38.78
18Uncaria Tomentosa (Uña de gato)37.10
19Arnica (Arnica montana), flower and seeds, dried36.28
20Chyavanprash, Dabur35.70
21Blood Purifier, powder in capsule25.42
22Saikokeishito21.35
23Nimba (Neem Tree), powder in capsule19.99
24Tila19.49
25Cancerina19.14
26Chyavanprash, Zandu in AsliGhee18.32
27Bordelobo17.98
28Zingiberis Rhizoma17.52
29Aurantii Nobilis Pericarpium17.48
30Juzentaihoto14.18
31Shuddha guggulu, powder in capsule13.77
32Zarzaparrilla, root13.73
33Glycyrrhizae Radix11.58
34Domiana de SanLuis10.69
35Brahmi, powder in capsule10.40
36Hochuekkito9.67
37Digestiv, powder in capsule7.68
38Karela, bitter gourd, powder in capsule7.57
39Atractylodis LanceaeRhizoma7.37
40Cnidii Rhizoma6.68
41Tagara, valerian, powder in capsule6.44
42Stress Guard, anti stress, powder in capsule6.39
43Tetzar5.88
44Zizyphi Fructus5.88
45Bupleuri Radix5.66
46Hangebyakujutsutemmato5.15
47Ayur Slim, powder in capsule4.94
48Astragali Radix4.87
49Kampo, traditional Chinese medicine from Japan, powder4.02
50Rhemanniae Radix3.94
51Arnica (Arnica montana), leaves3.72
52Angelicae Radix2.96
53Holelen2.82
54Shallaki, powder in capsule2.58
55Pinguica2.31
56Ginseng Radix1.45
57Lasuna, garlic, powder in capsule0.80
58Sano Sano0.47
59Pinelliae Tuber0.28

Source:

The total antioxidant content of more than 3100 foods, beverages, spices, herbs and supplements used worldwide. Carlsen MH, Halvorsen BL, Holte K, Bøhn SK, Dragland S, Sampson L, Willey C, Senoo H, Umezono Y, Sanada C, Barikmo I, Berhe N, Willett WC, Phillips KM, Jacobs DR Jr, Blomhoff R. Nutr J. 2010 Jan 22; 9:3.

The Healthiest Beverages

Tea and coffee are consumed by millions of people around the world every day. They are two of the most commonly consumed beverages worldwide, yet there is little dietary advice on their use. However, tea is the healthier option because it has a possible role in the prevention of several cancers and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD).[1]

Photo: Macha (Green Tea Powder) by Wiki/0121stephen


Beverages 2010 Table
Rank Product Antioxidant content
Notes:
  • Antioxidant content in FRAP mmol/100 g.
  • Souce [2]
1Tea, green, (pink) powder1347.83
2Tea, instant, dry powder, unsweetened165.86
3Tea, Sermoni, powder155.42
4Tea, Rabs Classic Malawi Tea, dried57.72
5Tea, Combe Tea, dried57.57
6Ricoffy, instant coffee & chicory, Nescafe, powder51.86
7Tea, leaves, fresh26.55
8Tea, green, dried24.31
9Coffee beans, roasted, Monsooned Malabar AA22.73
10Coffee beans, roasted (black)22.29
11Coffee, Espresso, double, prepared16.33
12Coffee beans, green16.24
13Coffee beans, raw/green15.19
14Coffee, Espresso, single, prepared14.24
15Lemonade powder mix, unsweetened12.75
16Tea, green, leaves, dried, Kashmir Kahawa10.13
17Coffee, Macciato, double, prepared8.17
18Tea, Flor de Jamaica, prepared6.99
19Tea, green, Green Label, dried6.77
20Coffee, Macciato, single, prepared5.90
21Instant cocoa, Choco‐Mocca, powder5.83
22Instant cocoa, Regia express, light, powder4.96
23Wine, red, Montepulciano20013.66
24Coffee, Robusta mild roasting, filter brewed3.60
25Coffee, L'Or, 100% Arabica, filter brewed3.34
26Blåbærsmust3.28
27Coffee, yellow Coop, filter brewed3.11
28Coffee, Robusta medium roasting, filter brewed3.09
29Instant cocoa, Regia express, original, powder3.09
30Wine, red, Chanti Collisensi 20033.08
31Wine, red, Canaletto 20003.05
32Coffee, Frokost, filter brewed3.03
33Coffee, L'Or, 100% Arabica, boiled3.03
34Coffee, Robusta green, filter brewed2.99
35Tea, Darjeeling, leaves, dried2.93
36Wine, red, MezzamondeNegramoro2.90
37Coffee, Lavazza, Caffe Espresso, 100% Arabica, prepared2.83
38Wine, red, J.P.Chenet2.83
39Wine, red, Canepa 20002.82
40Coffee, Cappucino, double, prepared2.81
41Coffee, Arabica medium roasting, filter brewed2.78
42Coffee, Espresso Originale Italiano, classico, prepared2.70
43Wine, red, Vino Maipo2.70
44Coffee, Arabica strong roasting, filter brewed2.69
45Wine, red, Vidigal Reserva2.69
46Wine, red, Chianti Classico20002.68
47Blackcurrant, toddy, instant, Regia2.64
48Coffee, Andes Bolivia, boiled2.62
49Tea, green, Green Java, prepared2.62
50Wine, red, ChateauCoufran19992.62
51Coffee, Ali, ground, 100% Arabica, filter brewed2.61
52Coffee, Farmers Coffee (fairtrade Max Havelaar), filter brewed2.58
53Coffee, Andes Bolivia, filter brewed2.55
54Wine, red, Fortino2.55
55Coffee, Evergood, filter brewed2.52
56Tea, dog rose, from extract, prepared2.49
57Wine, red, Capella2.49
58Wine, red, Cato Negro2.49
59Coffee, Arabica mild roasting, filter brewed2.45
60Tea, Sermoni, green tea, prepared2.45
61Wine, red, Arrow 20002.44
62Coffee, prepared2.43
63Wine, red, Terriero 20012.41
64Coffee, Evergood, caffein free, ground, filter brewed2.39
65Wine, red, La Buvette2.37
66Wine, red, Kimberly 20012.33
67Tea, green, Java Green, prepared2.31
68Coffee, Ali, dark burned ground, 100% Arabica, filter brewed2.28
69Coffee, Finca Rodomunho, filter brewed2.25
70Coffee, Robusta strong roasting, filter brewed2.25
71Wine, red, Crozes Hermitage19992.24
72Coffee, Ali, ground, 100% Arabica, boiled2.23
73Coffee, Cafe Organico Arabica, instant, prepared2.20
74Coffee, boiled2.18
75Wine, red, Amigo2.15
76Coffee, Cirkel Coffee, ground coffee, filter brewed2.13
77Wine, red, Merlot2.13
78Coffee, Finca Rodomunho, boiled2.10
79Wine, red, Syrah, bag‐in‐box2.10
80Wine, red, Boheme2.06
81Tang, Jamaica, drinking powder2.05
82Wine, red, Baro`n de Oña toija 19962.03
83Tea, green, Jasmine, prepared2.02
84Wine, red, Banrock Station Shiraz1.97
85Wine, red, Chapelle Du Bois1.94
86Coffee, filter brewed1.86
87Coffee, Evergood, boiled1.84
88Wine, red, La Boiselière1.82
89Coffee, Cirkel Coffee, boiled1.79
90Prune drink1.79
91Wine, red, Côte de Nuits‐Villages19981.78
92Coffee, instant, Sombrero, prepared1.68
93Coffee, instant, Nescafe Gull, prepared1.67
94Coffee, Caffe Latte, double, prepared1.66
95Instant cocoa, Rett i Koppen, powder1.61
96Coffee, instant, prepared1.60
97Coffee, Cappucino, single, prepared1.59
98Coffee, Arabica green, filter brewed1.55
99Tea, green, Assam TGFOP, prepared1.49
100Tea, green, Earl Grey, prepared1.43
101Tea, green, Spesial Chun Mee, prepared1.43
102Tea, green, Emperors Garden, prepared1.36
103Soft drink, white soda, regular1.27
104Tea, green, Jasmin, prepared1.27
105Tea, green, Ling ching, prepared1.26
106Tea, green, Gunpowder, prepared1.25
107Tea, green, Sencha, prepared1.24
108Tea, black, Ceylon, prepared1.21
109Tang, Tamarino, drinking powder1.12
110Tea, black, Darjeeling Tiger Hill, prepared1.12
111Coffee, Iced coffee Mocca, ready to drink1.05
112Tea, fruit, Mango, prepared0.98
113Tea, instant, dry powder, with lemon and sugar, prepared0.94
114Coffee, Iced coffee Cappucino, ready to drink0.93
115Coffee, Caffe Latte, single, prepared0.92
116Tea, black, Earl Grey, prepared0.89
117Tea, green, mint, prepared0.88
118Latino beverages, guava(guayaba) nectar0.87
119Lemonade powder mix, pink, sweetened with sugar0.77
120Tea, black, Ceylon Breakfast, prepared0.75
121Juice drinks,10% juice, blazin' blueberry flavor0.73
122Lemonade powder mix, sweetened with sugar0.73
123Juice drinks, 10% juce, boppin' strawberry flavor0.72
124Cordial, raspebbery flavored, Fun light, Bringebær, undiluted0.62
125Tea, Rooibos, prepared0.61
126Cockburn`s Port0.60
127Nectar, Multivitamine0.59
128Tea, green, Monkey, prepared0.57
129Wine, white, Viogner0.56
130Tang, Naranja, drinking powder0.54
131Wine, white, LiebfraumilchSilbervin0.50
132Wine, white, Tarquet0.50
133Tea, fruit, wild berries, prepared0.49
134Wine, white, Milestone 20010.47
135Beer, Porter0.46
136Beer, Samichlaus Bier (Santa Claus Beer), Lager Beer0.46
137Tea, iced tea, peach0.46
138Cognac, X.O.Braastad, FineChampagne0.45
139Cordial, orange flavored, FunLight Appelsin, undiluted0.45
140Cordial, strawberry flavored, Fun light Jordbær, undiluted0.45
141Instant cocoa, Regia express, original, prepared0.45
142Lemonade, pink, frozen concentrate0.45
143Wine, white, Dunvar0.44
144Beer, Limfjords Porter, double brown stout0.43
145Beer, Mack Bok‐øl0.43
146Tea, Peppermint, ground and whole fresh leaves, prepared0.43
147Beer, Maredsous, Trippel 100.42
148Instant cocoa, Regia express, light, prepared0.42
149Liquor of crowberries, Frost0.42
150Tea, Roiboos, Aspalathus linearis, prepared0.42
151Wine, white, Moscato0.42
152Lemonade, regular, frozen concentrate0.41
153Cordial, lemon flavored, Fun light, Sitron, undiluted0.40
154Latino beverages, mango nectar0.40
155Wine, white, Moselland ArsVitis0.40
156Blackcurrant, toddy, instant, Regia, prepared0.38
157Spirulina Cocktail0.38
158Wine, white, Moselland0.38
159Tea, iced tea, brewed, unsweetened0.37
160Wine, white, Blue Nun0.37
161Cordial, peach flavored, Fun light, Peach Passion, undiluted0.36
162Beer, Pères Trappistes0.33
163Instant cocoa, Choco‐Mocca, prepared0.33
164Lemonade, mixed wild berries0.33
165Cognac, V.S.Martell, Fine Cognac0.32
166Beer, Pale ale0.31
167Tea, dog rose, herb tea, prepared0.31
168Wine, white, Caliterra 20000.30
169Wine, white, Müller ReilerWom Heissen Stein0.30
170Beer, Saison Dupont, Biologique0.29
171Beer, Bavarian Weizen0.27
172Tea, herb, Mate‐brown, prepared0.27
173Instant cocoa, Rett i Koppen, prepared0.26
174Latino beverages, tamarind (tamarindo) nectar0.26
175Malt beer0.26
176Beer, Bayer0.25
177Wine, white, Dr. L. Riesling0.25
178Latino beverages, guanabana nectar0.25
179Wine, Danish Cherry‐wine0.23
180Beer, Leffe0.22
181Brandy, Napoleon V.S.O.P.0.22
182Beer, Guinnes Draught0.21
183Beer, Premium Lager0.21
184Beer, Pils0.21
185Tea, dog rose, from dried dogrose, prepared0.20
186Beer, Aass Gull0.19
187Wine, white, Black Tower0.19
188Beer, Lysholmer Spesial0.18
189Tea, iced tea, ready to drink, iced tea with lemon flavor0.16
190Wine, white, Chardonnay0.16
191Cordial, wild berries flavored, Fun light Wild Berries, undiluted0.15
192Lemonade, lemon0.14
193Beer, regular0.13
194Beer, Beck`s beer0.13
195Beer, Lager Beer0.13
196Soft drink, orange, Solo0.13
197Aquavit, Løiten Linie0.12
198Beer, without alcohol0.11
199Non‐carbonated flavored bottled drinking water, fitness H2O, natural lemon flavor0.11
200Tea, Camomile flowers, prepared0.10
201Whisky, Finest Scotch Whisky0.10
202Beer, light0.09
203Soft drink, citrus fruit, Urge0.08
204Soft drink, Fanta0.08
205Vanilla shake, national0.08
206Non‐carbonated flavored bottled drinking water, elements enhanced water energy, lemon0.07
207Juice drinks,10% ,strawberry flavor0.06
208Juice drinks, 10% juice, strawberry kiwi flavor0.05
209Tea, iced tea, ready to drink, brisk lemon iced tea0.05
210Tea, iced tea, ready to drink, natural lemon iced tea0.05
211Soft drink, cola, diet0.04
212Soft drink, cola, regular0.03
213Juice drinks, 10% juice, splash cooler flavor0.03
214Cider, Ãpple, 4,5vol%0.02
215Cider, Pãron, 2,25vol%0.02
216Juice drinks,10% juice, mountain cooler flavor0.02
217Non‐carbonated flavored bottled drinking water, essential multi vitamin, watermelon flavor0.02
218Gingerale0.01
219Sports drink mix, orange flavor0.01
220Sports drink, lemon‐lime flavor0.01
221Diet Mountain Dew Superb0.00
222Energy drink0.00
223Energy drink, sugar free0.00
224Gingerale, american type0.00
225Lemonade mix, pink, sweetened with artificial sweetener0.00
226Lemonade mix, sweetened with artificial sweetener0.00
227Non‐carbonated bottled drinking water0.00
228Non‐carbonated flavored bottled drinking water, fluoride to go0.00
229Non‐carbonated flavored bottled drinking water, fruit2o water, natural strawberry flavor0.00
230Non‐carbonated flavored bottled drinking water, fruit2o, natural raspberry flavor0.00
231Soft drink, lemon‐lime, light, 7 UP0.00
232Soft drink, lemon‐lime, regular, Sprite0.00
233Soft drink, lemon‐lime, Sprite0.00
234Sports drink, orange flavor0.00
235White soda, regular0.00

Source:

[1] Tea or coffee? A case study on evidence for dietary advice. Colin W Binns*, Andy H Lee and Michelle L Fraser. School of Public Health, Curtin University of Technology, GPO Box U 1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. 6 October 2007

[2] The total antioxidant content of more than 3100 foods, beverages, spices, herbs and supplements used worldwide. Carlsen MH, Halvorsen BL, Holte K, Bøhn SK, Dragland S, Sampson L, Willey C, Senoo H, Umezono Y, Sanada C, Barikmo I, Berhe N, Willett WC, Phillips KM, Jacobs DR Jr, Blomhoff R. Nutr J. 2010 Jan 22; 9:3.